In 1994, the area roughly covering Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereeniging, which was previously part of the old Transvaal province, is renamed Gauteng. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. [3], Explorer and prospector Jan Gerrit Bantjes [af] (1840-1914) was the first and original discoverer of a Witwatersrand gold reef in June 1884 having prospected the area since the early 1880s, as well as co-operating the Kromdraai Gold Mine in 1883 to the NW of present-day Johannesburg together with his partner Johannes Stephanus Minnaar in an area known today as "The Cradle of Humankind". His discovery is recorded in history with a monument where the original gold outcrop is believed to be located, and a park named in his honour. Bantjes, whose father Jan Gerritze Bantjes had educated Kruger when he was a boy during the Great Trek, had discussions with Kruger regarding those "measures." [7][8][9][10], The discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand also created a super wealthy class of miners and industrialists known as Randlords. Witwatersrand Gold Rush; Further reading. rush und deutsch Rausch sind falsche Freunde), seltener auch Goldfieber, ist eine Periode der verstärkten Einwanderung in ein Gebiet, in dem es entweder verwertbare Mengen Gold oder zumindest Gerüchte über solche Vorkommen gibt. Er ist Teil der kontinentalen Wasserscheide zwischen Atlantik und Indischem Ozean. These early diamond surface mining activity photographs were taken by Weber & Sederstrom at New Rush (Kimberley). Many Randlords built large estates and mansions on the Parktown Ridge.[11]. Es war ein wichtiger Teil der Mineralrevolution. These rich gold bearing reefs stretch from 40 miles east of Johannesburg to 90 miles west and even further into the province of the Free State. His discovery is recorded in history with a monument where the original gold outcrop is believed to be located, and a park named in his honour. This at the time was a British attempt to give credit for the discovery to the Anglo sector in an attempt to justify claiming the Witwatersrand fields as British. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. : Über den Goldrausch berichtete die Bangkok Post. The disastrous Jameson Raid followed which put Cecil Rhodes in the spotlight. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. He sold £600 of gold to the Transvaal Treasury and was subsequently ordered to leave the country. The gold rush saw massive development of Johannesburg and the Witwatersrand, and the area remains the prime metropolitan area of South Africa. It is thought to be named after two state surveyors who were sent to choose an area for the layout of the new town, Johann Rissik and Christiaan Johannes Joubert. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. But it was not until 1886 that the massive wealth of the Witwatersrand would be uncovered. The insatiable needs of the gold mining industry for cheap, unskilled black labour and the struggles of African communities to maintain a rural productive base led to the emergence of South Africa's notorious migrant labour system. Davis, an English miner. It was part of the Mineral Revolution. www.wikipedian.net Witwatersrand Gold Rush Witwatersrand Gold Rush, https://www.wits.ac.za/media/migration/files/EGRI%20274.pdf, The South African Railways - Historical Survey (Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd, Circa 1978), Netherlands-South African Railway Company, List of mayors of Santa Clarita, California, Jalisco Cartel New Generation-Los Caballeros Templarios Cartel War, Scientific Workgroup for Rocketry and Spaceflight, World's largest gold rush ever led to the eventual. Ever since the gold rush of 1886, the Witwatersrand basin has been a major mining site. [5], It did not take long for fortune-seekers from all over the world to flock to the area, and soon what was a dusty mining village known as Ferreira's Camp was formalised into a settlement. When the world’s largest known gold deposits were discovered in the Witwatersrand district of the former South African Republic (which is now part of South Africa) in 1886, a veritable gold rush ensued. This page was last edited on 7 June 2018, at 16:28. Boer resentment over the large number of foreigners (Uitlanders) in the Witwatersrand led to heavy taxes and the denial of voting rights for the gold miners, and in response the Uitlanders and the British owners of the mines began to pressure the overthrow of the Boer government. The South African Railways - Historical Survey (Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd, Circa 1978), Learn how and when to remove this template message, Netherlands-South African Railway Company, https://www.wits.ac.za/media/migration/files/EGRI%20274.pdf, "History Of Gold In South Africa - In The Witwatersrand", "Correspondence of Cecil John Rhodes (1)", "City of Johannesburg - How was Johannesburg named? [4], The world's largest gold rush ever had begun and South Africa would never be the same. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush, which began in 1886, also increased the economic development of the city in the late 19th and early 20th centuries as Lourenço Marques served as the closest seaport for the export of gold from South Africa. This is the reason why Johannesburg's central business district streets are so narrow. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. This at the time was a British attempt to give credit for the discovery to the Anglo sector in an attempt to justify claiming the Witwatersrand fields as British. Johannesburg in South Africa has one of the world's largest gold deposits. Know something about this topic? One of them was to place heavy taxes on the sale of dynamite to the foreigners so as to slow the momentum. Scientific studies have pointed to the fact that the "Golden Arc" which stretches from Johannesburg to Welkom was once a massive inland lake, and that silt and gold deposits from alluvial gold settled in the area to form the gold-rich deposits that South Africa is famous for. The source of the huge amount of gold in the Witwatersrand is thought to be the entire greenstone-dominated Archaean cratonic surface, which was subjected to intensive chemical weathering permitting large-scale leaching of gold by contemporaneous surface waters. Witwatersrand Gold Rush The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. This heightened political tensions in the area, ultimately contributing to the Second Boer War in 1899. The province is initially owned by Transvaal, and the nations affected will most likely be either Oranje or Transvaal. It is made to simulate The Boer Wars. Many Randlords built large estates and mansions on the Parktown Ridge.[11]. Breckenridge, Keith Derek (1995) An Age of Consent: law, discipline, and violence on the South African gold mines, 1910–1933. This was the first working railway line in the Transvaal. [6], Within 10 years, the town was already the largest in South Africa, outstripping the growth of Cape Town, which was more than 200 years older. ", "Restoring of one of Parktown's Greatest Mansions | The Heritage Portal", South African Mines of Witwatersrand (Images), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Witwatersrand_Gold_Rush&oldid=992998353, Wikipedia articles with style issues from February 2018, Articles needing additional references from September 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2018, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, World's largest gold rush ever led to the eventual, This page was last edited on 8 December 2020, at 06:41. Witwatersrand Gold Rush is an event that will happen to any great power bordering a nation owning the province of Witwatersrand (ID 2106), when gold is discovered there. This purchase would be the first transaction of the newly formed company Consolidated Gold Fields of South Africa. This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article "Witwatersrand_Gold_Rush" (); it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.You may redistribute it, verbatim or modified, providing that you comply with the terms of the CC-BY-SA. The first recorded discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand was made by Jan Gerrit Bantjes in June 1884, on the farm Vogelstruisfontein, and was followed soon thereafter, in September, by the Struben brothers who uncovered the Confidence Reef on the farm Wilgespruit, near present-day Roodepoort. Ownership of the diamond and gold mines … Harrison is believed to have sold his claim for less than 10 Pounds before leaving the area. One of them was to place heavy taxes on the sale of dynamite to the foreigners so as to slow the momentum. The gold rush saw massive development of Johannesburg and the Witwatersrand, and the area remains the prime metropolitan area of South Africa. Boer resentment over the large number of foreigners (Uitlanders) in the Witwatersrand led to heavy taxes and the denial of voting rights for the gold miners, and in response the Uitlanders and the British owners of the mines began to pressure the overthrow of the Boer government. One consequence of the gold rush was the construction of the first railway lines in this part of Africa. This move was one of the factors leading to the Anglo Boer War of 1899-1902. Witwatersrand Gold Rush The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. The Jameson Raid was supported by Rhodes and led by Sir Leander Starr Jameson. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. : Seit dem Goldrausch von 1886 war das Witwatersrand-Becken ein bedeutendes Bergbaugebiet. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. Its intent was to overthrow the Transvaal government and turn the region into a British colony. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. Harrison declared his claim with the then-government of the Suid Afrikaanse Republiek (ZAR), and the area was pronounced open. Currently, the greater Johannesburg area has just over 8 million residents, making it the largest city of South Africa. Today, this region, which roughly corresponds to Gauteng province, is home to more than 10 million people. : Ever since the gold rush of 1886, the Witwatersrand basin has been a major mining site. Man gliedert ihn in einen westlichen (West Rand), einen mittleren (Central Rand) um Johannesburg und einen östlichen Teil (East Rand). The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a major contributing factor of the failed Jameson Raid of 1895 to 1896, and of the outbreak of the Second Boer War in 1899. This was the first working railway line in the Transvaal. In a matter of only 10 years, the city grew to 100.000 inhabitants. For a number of years all went well, but then President Paul Kruger of the South African Republic (ZAR) began getting worried so many foreigners would soon outnumber the Boers, and the first of certain "measures" were put into place. Rhodes and his partner Robinson with a team of companions were curious and rode over 400 km to Bantjes' camp at Vogelstruisfontein and stayed with him for two nights near what would later become Roodepoort. The gold rush was reported by the Bangkok Post. [6], Within 10 years, the town was already the largest in South Africa, outstripping the growth of Cape Town, which was more than 200 years older. Its intent was to overthrow the Transvaal government and turn the region into a British colony. The first discovery of gold in the region is recorded as being in 1852 in the Pardekraal farm[1] by J.H. Another find by Pieter Jacob Marais was recorded in 1853 on the Jukskei River, but was subject to similar secrecy. The underground basin reaches the surface at a the Witwatersrand ridge, the namesake of the basin and the surrounding gold-rich region (Witwatersrand means “White Waters Ridge” in Afrikaans.) The line was opened on March 17, 1890 with the first train being hauled by a 14 Tonner locomotive, became known as the "Randtram", even though it was actually a railway in every aspect and not singularly dedicated to tram traffic. At the core of southern Africa's industrial revolution were the gold mines of the Witwatersrand. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. The disastrous Jameson Raid followed which put Cecil Rhodes in the spotlight. The first discovery of gold in the region is recorded as being in 1852 in the Pardekraal farm[1] by J.H. Like the diamond discoveries before, the gold rush caused thousands of foreign expatriates to prospect and mine the region. It was part of the Mineral Revolution. Another find by Pieter Jacob Marais was recorded in 1853 on the Jukskei River, but was subject to similar secrecy. News spread around the world and prospectors from Australia to California began arriving in masses and the first lanterns of a soon to be Johannesburg began flickering along dusty streets. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. This move was one of the factors leading to the Anglo Boer War of 1899-1902. Contribute. Das Witwatersrand Gold Rushwar ein Goldrauschim Jahr 1886, dass zur Errichtung führt Johannesburg, Südafrika. However, these were minor reefs, and today the general consensus falsely holds that credit for the discovery of the main gold reef must be attributed to George Harrison, whose findings on the farm Langlaagte were made in July 1886, either through accident or systematic prospecting. As a result of the rapid development of the goldfields on the Witwatersrand in the 1880s and the demand for coal by the growing industry, a concession was granted by the ZAR government to the Netherlands-South African Railway Company (NZASM) on July 20, 1888, to construct a 25 kilometres (16 mi) railway line from Johannesburg to Boksburg. He sold £600 of gold to the Transvaal Treasury and was subsequently ordered to leave the country. [3], Explorer and prospector Jan Gerrit Bantjes [af] (1840-1914) was the first and original discoverer of a Witwatersrand gold reef in June 1884 having prospected the area since the early 1880s, as well as co-operating the Kromdraai Gold Mine in 1883 to the NW of present-day Johannesburg together with his partner Johannes Stephanus Minnaar in an area known today as "The Cradle of Humankind". Rhodes and his partner Robinson with a team of companions were curious and rode over 400 km to Bantjes' camp at Vogelstruisfontein and stayed with him for two nights near what would later become Roodepoort. Towards a people's history There is some dispute as to the origin of the name Johannesburg and to which Johannes, a common Dutch name, the city was named after. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. Bantjes, whose father Jan Gerritze Bantjes had educated Kruger when he was a boy during the Great Trek, had discussions with Kruger regarding those "measures." In mining terms, the Pilbara is synonymous with iron ore.It is one of the world’s biggest suppliers of seaborne ore and has played a large part in establishing the fortunes of the big miners BHP and Rio Tinto and in more recent times Andrew “Twiggy” Forrest’s Fortescue.Famously, Lang Hancock and his partner Peter Wright discovered the massive iron ore deposits later called Hope Downs in 1952, although government geologist Harr… This only agitated the miners and gave the British another reason to make a grab for the gold fields and take the lot for themselves. There were 500 men who took part in the uprising; 21 were killed and many arrested, tried and sentenced. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the Creative Commons CC0 License; all unstructured text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. Davis, an English miner. [citation needed], News of gold spread rapidly and reached Cecil Rhodes in Kimberley. Ph.D. thesis, Northwestern University, Evanston, Ill. Cammack, Diana (1990) "The Rand at War: the Witwatersrand and the Anglo-Boer war 1899–1902. [5], It did not take long for fortune-seekers from all over the world to flock to the area, and soon what was a dusty mining village known as Ferreira's Camp was formalised into a settlement. The Jameson Raid was supported by Rhodes and led by Sir Leander Starr Jameson. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. Boer resentment over the large number of foreigners (Uitlanders) in the Witwatersrand led to heavy taxes and the denial of voting rights for the gold miners, and in response the Uitlanders and the British owners of the mines began to pressure the overthrow of the Boer government. For a number of years all went well, but then President Paul Kruger of the South African Republic (ZAR) began getting worried so many foreigners would soon outnumber the Boers, and the first of certain "measures" were put into place. Most of the gold in the Witwatersrand is present as native gold which occures in a variety of formes and habits, such as microscopic veinlets or overgowths and is usually only visible under the microscope (the average gold particle ranges from 0.005mm to 0.5mm in diameter). Obwohl der etwa 200 Kilometer lange Höhenzug bis 1.779 Meter über dem Meeresspiegel aufragt, überragt er die umliegenden Landschaften nur um bis zu 300 Meter. One consequence of the gold rush was the construction of the first railway lines in this part of Africa. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a major contributing factor of the failed Jameson Raid of 1895 to 1896, and of the outbreak of the Second Boer War in 1899. Ein Goldrausch (von englisch gold rush, wörtlich und sinngemäß also Gold-Hast bzw. This purchase would be the first transaction of the newly formed company Consolidated Gold Fields of South Africa. This only agitated the miners and gave the British another reason to make a grab for the gold fields and take the lot for themselves. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. News spread around the world and prospectors from Australia to California began arriving in masses and the first lanterns of a soon to be Johannesburg began flickering along dusty streets. 2010 In 2010, Johannesburg hosts the final of the FIFA World Cup, as well as the opening and closing ceremonies. Harrison declared his claim with the then-government of the Suid Afrikaanse Republiek (ZAR), and the area was pronounced open. The line was opened on March 17, 1890 with the first train being hauled by a 14 Tonner locomotive, became known as the "Randtram", even though it was actually a railway in every aspect and not singularly dedicated to tram traffic. Gold was discovered in the area known as Witwatersrand, triggering what would become the Witwatersrand Gold Rush of 1886. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a major contributing factor of the failed Jameson Raid of 1895 to 1896, and of the outbreak of the Second Boer War in 1899. It is a range of hills in the Gauteng province South Africa that contains most of the worlds gold reserves.. [4], The world's largest gold rush ever had begun and South Africa would never be the same. William Knight registered the first mining company on the Witwatersrand, the Witwatersrand Gold Mining Company, in September 1886. It is thought to be named after two state surveyors who were sent to choose an area for the layout of the new town, Johann Rissik and Christiaan Johannes Joubert. [citation needed], News of gold spread rapidly and reached Cecil Rhodes in Kimberley. Initially, the ZAR did not believe that the gold would last for long, and mapped out a small triangular piece of land to cram as many plots onto as possible. [7][8][9][10], The discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand also created a super wealthy class of miners and industrialists known as Randlords. : Dawson City was the center of the Klondike gold rush in the Yukon. The Witwatersrand is a word in Afrikaans which means “The Ridge of white waters”. As a result of the rapid development of the goldfields on the Witwatersrand in the 1880s and the demand for coal by the growing industry, a concession was granted by the ZAR government to the Netherlands-South African Railway Company (NZASM) on July 20, 1888, to construct a 25 kilometres (16 mi) railway line from Johannesburg to Boksburg. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush initiated South Africa’s domination of world gold production. There had always been rumours of a modern-day "El Dorado" in the folklore of the native tribes that roamed the plains of the South African highveld and in that of the gold miners who had come from all over the world to seek out their fortunes on the alluvial mines of Barberton and Pilgrim's Rest, in what is now known as the province of Mpumalanga. The Witwatersrand Gold Rush was a gold rush in 1886 that led to the establishment of Johannesburg, South Africa. Gold-Ansturm; engl. There were 500 men who took part in the uprising; 21 were killed and many arrested, tried and sentenced. [2] Though there were smaller mining operations in the region, it wasn’t until 1884 and the subsequent 1886 discovery at Langlaagte that the Witwatersrand gold rush got under way in earnest. This is the reason why Johannesburg's central business district streets are so narrow. Here is some history of the Witwatersrand Gold Style Ore Deposits as they related to South Africa since the arrival of the Dutch and the southernmost tip of the continent in 1652. Goch founded the George Goch Gold Mining Company in 1886 and the Wemmer Gold Mining Company in 1887. But it was not until 1886 that the massive wealth of the Witwatersrand would be uncovered. London: James Currey Initially, the ZAR did not believe that the gold would last for long, and mapped out a small triangular piece of land to cram as many plots onto as possible. There is some dispute as to the origin of the name Johannesburg and to which Johannes, a common Dutch name, the city was named after. This discovery started the Witwatersrand Gold Rush and attracted 1000’s of early settlers. Harrison is believed to have sold his claim for less than 10 Pounds before leaving the area. Rhodes purchased the first batch of Witwatersrand gold from Bantjes for £3000. Although legends of a South African “El Dorado” existed among the natives of the area, it was not until 1886, when a poor Australian prospector named George Harrison staked the first claim, that the vast riches of the “Rand” were discovered. However, these were minor reefs, and today the general consensus falsely holds that credit for the discovery of the main gold reef must be attributed to George Harrison, whose findings on the farm Langlaagte were made in July 1886, either through accident or systematic prospecting. There are however remarkable exceptions. There had always been rumours of a modern-day "El Dorado" in the folklore of the native tribes that roamed the plains of the South African highveld and in that of the gold miners who had come from all over the world to seek out their fortunes on the alluvial mines of Barberton and Pilgrim's Rest, in what is now known as the province of Mpumalanga. It was a key part of the Mineral Revolution. Scientific studies have pointed to the fact that the "Golden Arc" which stretches from Johannesburg to Welkom was once a massive inland lake, and that silt and gold deposits from alluvial gold settled in the area to form the gold-rich deposits that South Africa is famous for. Rhodes purchased the first batch of Witwatersrand gold from Bantjes for £3000. [2] Though there were smaller mining operations in the region, it wasn’t until 1884 and the subsequent 1886 discovery at Langlaagte that the Witwatersrand gold rush got under way in earnest. 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